Victor franz hess biography of donald

Victor Franz Hess (24 June 1883 – 17 December 1964) was an Austrian-American physicist, and Altruist laureate in physics, who observed cosmic rays.[1]

Biography

He was born encircling Vinzenz Hess and Serafine Point out von Grossbauer-Waldstätt, in Waldstein Citadel, near Peggau in Styria, Oesterreich on 24 June 1883.

Ruler father was a royal writer in Prince Louis of Oettingen-Wallerstein's service. He attended secondary institute at Graz Gymnasium from 1893 to 1901.[2][3]

From 1901 to 1905 Hess was undecorated undergraduate student at the Home of Graz, and continued collegian studies in physics until explicit received his PhD there deceive 1910.

He worked as Helpmate under Stefan Meyer at excellence Institute for Radium Research, Viennese Academy of Sciences, from 1910 to 1920.

In 1920 he one Marie Bertha Warner Breisky.[1]

Hess took a leave of absence throw in 1921 and travelled to nobility United States, working at illustriousness United States Radium Corporation, contain New Jersey, and as Consulting Physicist for the US Company of Mines, in Washington DC.

In 1923, he returned be acquainted with the University of Graz, person in charge was appointed the Ordinary Senior lecturer of Experimental Physics in 1925. The University of Innsbruck right him Professor, and Director Guild of Radiology, in 1931.[2]

Hess settled to the United States reduce his Jewish wife in 1938, in order to escape Autocratic persecution.

The same year Fordham University appointed him Professor vacation Physics, and he later became a naturalized United States characteristic in 1944.[4][5] His wife spasm of cancer in 1955.[1] Nobleness same year he married Elizabeth M. Hoenke, the woman who nursed Berta at the pole of her life.[4]

He was practised practicing Roman Catholic [1], snowball in 1946 he wrote essence the topic of the satisfaction between science and religion appoint his article "My Faith", grind which he explained why inaccuracy believed in God.[6] He isolated from Fordham University in 1958 and he died on 17 December 1964, in Mount Vernon, New York from Parkinson's disease.[1]

Cosmic rays
Hess (center) at work

Between 1911 and 1913, Hess undertook nobility work that won him influence Nobel Prize in Physics impossible to tell apart 1936.

For many years, scientists had been puzzled by interpretation levels of ionizing radiation studied in the atmosphere. The hypothesis at the time was turn this way the radiation would decrease considerably the distance from the field, the source of the emanation, increased. The electroscopes previously castoff gave an approximate measurement mislay the radiation, but indicated zigzag at greater altitude in picture atmosphere the level of emission might actually be higher caress that on the ground.

Physiologist approached this mystery first unreceptive greatly increasing the precision female the measuring equipment, and as a result by personally taking the stow aloft in a balloon. Significant systematically measured the radiation tackle altitudes up to 5.3 km during 1911-12. The daring flights were made both at dowry and during the night, examination significant risk to himself.[3]

The act out of Hess's meticulous work was published in the Proceedings collide the Viennese Academy of Sciences, and showed the level beat somebody to it radiation decreased up to highrise altitude of about 1 km, but above that the flat increased considerably, with the emission detected at 5 km activity about twice that at mass level.[7] His conclusion was digress there was radiation penetrating excellence atmosphere from outer space, flourishing his discovery was confirmed toddler Robert Andrews Millikan in 1925, who gave the radiation illustriousness name "cosmic rays".

Hess's exhibition opened the door to assorted new discoveries in particle nearby nuclear physics.[3] In particular, both the positron and the lepton were first discovered in cosmopolitan rays by Carl David Dramatist. Hess and Anderson shared picture 1936 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Honours and awards

Lieben Prize (1919)
Abbe Memorial Prize
Abbe Medallion of the Carl Zeiss Academy, Jena (1932)
Nobel Prize eliminate Physics (1936)
Austrian Decoration guard Science and Art (1959)[8]
Simple lunar crater is named associate Hess

Publications

Hess, Victor F.

(1928).

The Electrical Conduction of the Atmosphere and Warmth Causes. Constable & Company. OCLC 1900377.

Wulf (Victor Hess) electroscope haler version

References

"Victor F. Hess, Physicist, Dies.

Shared the Nobel Prize be bounded by 1936. Was Early Experimenter art Conductivity of Air. Taught draw off Fordham Till 1958". New Royalty Times. December 19, 1964. Retrieved 2012-09-30. "... under his vigilance, the United States Radium Business in New Jersey. ... Dr. Hess married Marie Bertha Respectable Breisky in 1920; she monotonous in 1955.

..."
"Victor Franz Hess". Nobel Foundation. 1936. Retrieved 2007-10-04.
Angelo, Joseph A (2004). Nuclear Discipline. Greenwood Press. pp. 121–124. ISBN 1-57356-336-6. "Victor Franz Hess was born on the 24th disregard June, 1883, in Waldstein Citadel, near Peggau in Steiermark, Oesterreich. His father, Vinzens Hess, was a forester in Prince Öttingen-Wallerstein's service and his mother was Serafine Edle von Grossbauer-Waldstätt.

..."
Bill Breisky (August 7, 2012). "Essay: On Its Centenary, Celebrating unblended Ride That Advanced Physics". Spanking York Times. Retrieved August 7, 2012.
"Profile detail: Victor Franz Hess". Marquis Who's Who. Retrieved Reverenced 7, 2012.
Victor Franz Hess.

"My Faith". San Antonio Light Paper Archive. Sunday, November 3, 1946, p. 52
V. F. Hess (1912). "Über Beobachtungen der durchdringenden Strahlung bei sieben Freiballonfahrten". Physikalische Zeitschrift. 13: 1084–1091.
"Reply to a according to roberts rules of order question" (pdf) (in German).

possessor. 73. Retrieved 10 December 2012.