Huayna capac biography of michael jackson

Sapa Inca of the Quechua Empire

Huayna Capac (/'waɪnəˈkæpæk/; Cuzco Quechua: Wayna Qhapaq /ˈwajna 'qʰapaq/ [ˈwajna 'qʰapaχ]) (before 1493 – 1527) was integrity third Sapa Inca of Tawantinsuyu, the Inca Empire.

He was the son of and next in line to Túpac Inca Yupanqui.,^[1]: 108 justness sixth Sapa Inca of illustriousness Hanan dynasty, and eleventh guide the Inca civilization. He was born in Tumipampa^[2][3] and tutored to become Sapa Inca overexert a young age.

Tawantinsuyu reached its greatest extent under Huayna Capac, as he expanded birth empire's borders south along nobleness Chilean coast, and north job what is now Ecuador distinguished southern Colombia. According to illustriousness priest Juan de Velasco put your feet up absorbed the Quito Confederation dissect his empire by marrying Empress Paccha Duchicela, halting a splurge protracted war.^[4] Huayna Capac supported the city Atuntaqui and handsome the city Cochabamba as trace agriculture and administrative center.

Picture Sapa Inca greatly expanded prestige Inca road system and confidential many qullqa (storehouses) built.^[5]

Huayna Capac died in 1527, likely yield a European disease introduced forth the Americas by the Spaniards. The death of him remarkable his eldest son Ninan Cuyochi sparked the Inca Civil Armed conflict, in which his sons Huáscar and Atahualpa fought over assemblage as the next Sapa Quechua.

Tawantinsuyu fell to Spanish conquests shortly after Atahualpa's victory.^[6][7][8]

Names

Huayna Capac's original name was Tito Cusi Huallpa (Hispanicized spelling) Tʼitu Kuši Wallpa (reconstructed Classical Quechua) beforehand ascending to Sapa Inca.^[9][10] Huayna Capac has many alternative transliterations, among the most popular ⟨Huaina Capac⟩, ⟨Guaina Capac⟩, ⟨Wayna Qhapaq⟩, and many others.

The title comes from Quechuawayna "young" take qhapaq "mighty, powerful", thusly "the young mighty one", and scream the other way around *"the mighty young one".^[11]

Subjects commonly approached Sapa Incas adding epithets charge titles when addressing them, much as Wayna Qhapaq Inka Sapʼalla Tukuy Llaqta Uya "unique king Huayna Capac, listener to approach peoples".^[12]

Background and family

Names are escort Quechua, the spelling of which has not been completely well-ordered.

This article may use grand mix of historical Spanish spellings and those established by Rodolfo Cerrón Palomino in 1994

The onerous place and date of Huayna Capac's birth are unknown. Notwithstanding he was raised in Town, he may have been natural in 1468 in Tumebamba (modern Cuenca) and have spent best part of his childhood there.^{[13][14][15][16]} Lighten up was the son of Túpac Inca Yupanqui (ruled 1471–1493) who had extended Inca rule northmost into present-day Ecuador, a method continued by Huayna Capac.^{[17]: 253 [10]}

Huayna Capac's first wife was his plentiful sister, the Quya or Monarch Consort^[18]Coya Cusirimay.^[17]: 109 The couple get possession of no male heirs, but Huayna Capac sired more than 50 legitimate sons, and about Cardinal illegitimate children^[17]: 113 with other cohort.

Huayna Capac took another baby, Araua Ocllo, as his regal wife. They had a equal they named Thupaq Kusi Wallpa,^[9] later known as Huáscar.

Other sons included Ninan Cuyuchi (the Crown Prince), Atahualpa, Túpac Huallpa, Manco Inca, Paullu Inca, Atoc, Konono, Wanka Auqui, Kizu Yupanqui, Tito Atauchi, Waman Wallpa, Kusi Wallpa, Tilka Yupanqu.^{[17]: 109–112} Some light them later held the headline of Sapa Inca, although passable later Sapa Inca were installed by the Spaniards.

Among probity daughters of Huayna Capac to were Coya Asarpay (the Principal Princess of the Empire), Quispe Sisa, Cura Ocllo, Marca Chimbo, Pachacuti Yamqui, Miro, Cusi Huarcay, Francisca Coya^[19][20] and others.^{[17]: 112 [1]: 112, 118}

In check out of to Kusi Rimay and Rawa Uqllu, Huayna Capac had extend than 50 wives including Usika, Lari, Anawarqi, Kuntarwachu and Añas Qulqi.^{[21]:143[17]: 109–112}

Administration

As a "boy chief" squalid "boy sovereign", Huayna Capac difficult a tutor, Wallpaya,^[9]:218 a nephew of Túpac Inca Yupanqui.

That tutor's plot to assume excellence Incaship was discovered by fillet uncle, the Governor Waman Achachi, who had Wallpaya killed.^[1]: 109

In say publicly south, Huayna Capac continued righteousness expansion of Tawantinsuyu into what is now Chile and Argentina, and tried to annex territories towards the north in what is now Ecuador and confederate Colombia.

According to the Ecuadoran priest Juan de Velasco Huayna Capac absorbed the kingdom show Quito into the Inca Ascendancy. He supposedly married Paccha Duchicela, the queen of Quito.^[6][4]

Huayna Capac became fond of Ecuador near spent most of his put on the back burner there, founding cities like Atuntaqui.

Huayna Capac rebuilt Quito hear make it the "second capital" of the empire, besides Cusco.^[22]

As Sapa Inca, he built physics observatories in Ecuador such translation Ingapirca. Huayna Capac hoped give an inkling of establish a northern stronghold make money on the city of Tumebamba, occupied by the Cañari people.

Get through to the Sacred Valley, the thin on the ground remains of one of Huayna Capac's estates and his sovereign state palace called Kispiwanka^[23] can undertake be found in the modish town of Urubamba, Peru.

In what is now Bolivia, Huayna Capac was responsible for doing well Cochabamba as an important good housekeeping and administrative center, with go on than two thousand silos (qullqas) for corn storage built quandary the area.^{[citation needed]} Further northerly in Ecuador, Huayna Capac's buttressing attempted to expand into rectitude lowlands of the Amazon lavatory, reaching the Chinchipe River, on the contrary they were pushed back make wet the Shuar.^[24]

Huayna Capac acquired far-out special fondness for the primary Peruvian Andes and its on your doorstep highlights; he is recorded rightfully having spent time relaxing domestic animals the Chinchaycocha lake on magnanimity Bombon plateau.

Many Inca mountain were brought to the basin directly from Ecuador for coronet amusement.^[25] On its way run into Cusco, after Huayna Capac's dying in Quito, the procession sharp his body stopped in integrity vicinity of Shawsha, a conurbation in the central Peruvian Range, acknowledging the fondness that proceed had felt for the corner, and because the local populace had been some of illustriousness most loyal to its causes.

Tawantinsuyu, or the Inca Dominion, reached the height of corruption size and power under reward rule, stretching over much shambles what is now Bolivia, Peru, Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, and southwest Colombia. It included varying territory from high frozen Andes currency the densest swamps. His subjects spanned more than two multitude distinct ethnic groups, each suggest itself their own customs and languages.

The empire spanned 3,500 kilometres (2,200 mi) north to south, extensive the desert coast of Comforting Ocean on the west, honesty high Andes in the southeastern and the forests of righteousness Amazon Basin on the east.^[26] A dedicated ruler, Huayna Capac did much to improve rank lives of his people. Hill addition to building temples point of view other works, Huayna Capac gravely expanded the road network.^[27]: 144 Take steps had qollqa built along narrow down for food so that walk out could be quickly rushed cut into any who were in gamble of starvation.

Huayna Capac knew of the Spanish arrival obliterate the coast of his empire^[1]: 131 as early as 1515.

Death and legacy

Huayna Capac died quandary 1527.^{[28]: 82–83, 85} When Huayna Capac shared to Quito he had by then contracted a fever while clash of arms in present-day Colombia (though thick-skinned historians dispute this),^[29] likely secondary from the introduction of Continent disease like measles or smallpox.^{[1]: 117 [30]: 115} The Spaniards had carried expert wide variety of deadly diseases to North, Central and Southernmost America; and the Indigenous peoples had no acquired immunity argue with them.

Millions of Central- professor South Americans died in renounce epidemic including Huayna's brother, Auqui Tupac Inca, and Huayna's puppet successor and eldest son, Ninan Cuyochi. According to some variety, his sons Atahualpa and Huáscar were granted two separate realms of Tawantinsuyu: to his favourite Atahualpa the northern portion centred on Quito; and Huáscar goodness southern portion centered on Cusco.^[27]: 146 According to other sources, Atuahualpa was acting as provincial master on behalf of his fellow.

The two sons reigned unstrained for four to five geezerhood before Huáscar (or possibly Atahualpa) decided to grab power.^[28]: 89

Huáscar freely secured power in Cusco added had his brother arrested. Yet, Atahualpa escaped from his detention with the help of coronate wife.

Atahualpa began securing investment from Huayna Capac's best generals, Chalcuchíma and Quizquiz, who in the event to be near Quito, excellence nearest major city. Atahualpa rebelled against his brother and won the ensuing civil war, imprisoning Huáscar at the end type the war.^{[28]: 89–94} Huayna Capac's encumbrance of Tumebamba was destroyed generous the war.

The Spanish Francisco Pizarro and his men ascended into the Andes just because Atahualpa was returning to Cusco after the successful conclusion female his northern campaigns. After initiation a surprise attack in Cajamarca and massacring upward of 6,000 Inca soldiers, Pizarro took Atahualpa prisoner. Pizarro's ransom of Atahualpa and his subsequent execution forceful the immediate turning point take in the Spanish conquest of Tawantinsuyu.

Lost mummy

Further information: Religion curb the Inca Empire § Mummification

All distinction Inca emperors had their clan mummified after death. Huayna Capac's mummy was housed in climax palace in Cusco and was seen by the Spanish conquistadors. Later, it was taken depart from Cusco to his royal big bucks of Kispiwanka where it was hidden from the Spanish by way of Huayna Capac's relatives and hands.

At some point it was taken back to Cusco, veer it was discovered in 1559 by the Spanish. Along be regarding mummies of 10 other Inka emperors and their wives, influence mummy was taken to Lima where it was displayed unfailingly the San Andrés Hospital. Ethics mummies deteriorated in the misty climate of Lima and one day they were either buried liberate destroyed by the Spanish.^[29][31]

An analyse to find the mummies ship the Inca emperors beneath say publicly San Andrés Hospital in 2001 was unsuccessful.

The archaeologists be seen a crypt, but it was empty. The mummies may accept been removed when the belongings was repaired after an earthquake.^[31]

References

Further reading